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850c.1 + (Even Homer nods)
1853.2 + (In 2016, an 1845 edition of this book was discovered, and Protoball began to explore translations of its text. See http://protoball.org/1845.29.)
1853c.1 + (It appears that Fuess, the 1917 a … It appears that Fuess, the 1917 author, viewed this game as rounders, but neither the Mowry description nor the Hardy reference uses that name. It is possible that Fuess was an after-the-fact devotee of he rounders theory of base ball. The game as described is indistinguishable from round ball as played in New England, and lacks features [small bat, configuration of bases] used in English rounders during this period. The placement of the batter, the use of "tallies" for runs, and the 50-inning game length suggests that the game played may have been a version of what was to be encoded as the Massachusetts Game in 1858.lt;strong>Massachusetts Game in 1858.)
1841.15 + (It is not clear that this article … It is not clear that this article reflects actual wicket play, or interest, in New Orleans in 1841.The text appears have been 'borrowed' from a Cleveland paper: See [[1841.17]]However, [[1844.13]] shows that a New Orleans wicket club did call a meeting in 1844.[[1844.13]] shows that a New Orleans wicket club did call a meeting in 1844.)
1859.2 + (It is not clear whether this qualifies as the first intercollegiate game by modern rules.)
1830c.28 + (It is, of course, difficult to specify a reasonable date for a fictional account like this one.)
1862.17 + (It would be desirable to locate a … It would be desirable to locate and inspect the Josephus Clarkson diary used in Twombley [A, above.]. Clarkson, described as a ship's chandler before the war, does not yield to Google or Genealogy bank as of 6/6/2009 or 4/3/2013. John Thorn's repeated searches have also come up empty. Particularly questionable is Clarkson's very early identification of Cartwright as an originator of the NY game.tor of the NY game.)
1859.5 + (John Thorn, on July 11, 2004, advised Protoball that "a challenge to the citation is a photo at the NBL of the Bostons of San Francisco, with a handwritten contemporary identification 'organized 1857'.")
1836c.11 + (John Zinn: It feels t … John Zinn: It feels to me that the author is conflating a number of different things (his role, for example) into a club that played in the late 1830's. However even if he is off by 10 years, a club of some kind in the late 1840's would be something new and, as John Thorn suggests, important.s John Thorn suggests, important.)
1857.39 + (Lacking enclosed fields, turnstiles or ticket stubs, attendances are only visual estimates.)
1868.1 + (NOTE: DEB SHATTUCK HAS SUPPLEMENTAL DATA ON THIS EVENT AND WILL BE AMENDING THIS ENTRY ACCORDINGLY IN DECEMBER 2013.)
1858.58 + (None of these sources gives a reference to evidence of the 1856 formation of the Union Club, so we here rely on the documented reference to a planned 1858 game. )
1859.21 + (Not found in Porter's Spirit of the Times, Oct. 1 - Oct. 8, 1859))
1863.1 + (Note Civil War historian Bruce Al … Note Civil War historian Bruce Allardice's caveat, above: "In my opinion the clubs that played weren't 'corps' clubs, but rather regimental or brigade clubs that by their play other regiments/brigades claimed the Third and Sixth Corps championships."t;/em> the Third and Sixth Corps championships.")
1837.1 + (Note that while Wheaton calls his group the "first ball organization," in fact the Philadelphia club that played Philadelphia town ball had formed several years earlier.)
1857.22 + (Note: Craig Waff asks whether clu … Note: Craig Waff asks whether clubs could formally claimed annual championships this early in base ball's evolution; email of 10/28/2008. He suggests that, under the informal conventions of the period, the Gothams [who had wrested the honor from the Knickerbockers in September 1856], held it throughout 1857.in September 1856], held it throughout 1857.)
1855.47 + (Note: as of January 2023, we are uncertain whether this game was played by modern (Knickerbocker) rules. See John Zinn's assessment, below.)
1720c.4 + (One wishes there was more evidenc … One wishes there was more evidence that this form of "base" was a ball-game, and not a game like tag or capture-the-flag. If "base" was a ball-game, this report of native American play nearly 3 centuries ago is certainly remarkable. ago is certainly remarkable. )
1850c.56 + (Our dating of this reflection as … Our dating of this reflection as c1850 is arbitrary. Parris writes only the the (unnamed) game was known before game the modern game arrived in 1864-65. This reflection was reported in 1945 -- 95 years after 1850, when Parris himself was in his mid-90s'when Parris himself was in his mid-90s')
1858.60 + (Peter Morris' A Game of Inches finds other claims to the invention of the current figure 8 stitching pattern. See section 9.1.4 at page 275 of the single-volume, indexed edition of 2010.)
1860.36 + (Primary source of poem not known. From a 19CBB post by Tom Shieber, Oct. 28, 2003)
1858.35 + (Review of the New York Clipper did not find the reported game account.)
1858.2 + (Richard Hershberger (email of 10/6/2014) points out that the Sunday Mercury account of this game's key at bat "makes it clear that they were swinging strikes'[not called strikes]. )
1859.31 + (Richard Hershberger [email of 10/ … Richard Hershberger [email of 10/19/2009] notes that, in examining the article on the MA game, he found that the sides had ten players each, but seems otherwise to reflect Association rules. He notes that outside of match games, it was not unusual for clubs to depart from the having nine players on a side.part from the having nine players on a side.)
1851.5 + (Robert E. Lee is reported to have become Superintendent of West Point in September 1852; and had been stationed in Baltimore until then; can Calthrop's date be reconciled?)

1847.13 + (Rounders and Feeder texts are cloned from 1841.1, as is 1843.3)

1858.56 + (SF early baseball specialist [[Angus Macfarlane]] … SF early baseball specialist [[Angus Macfarlane]] points out that this game was not carried in any SF newspaper still extant, despite the fact that many were lauding the game just a few months later (email of 12/15/12). Another report (also lacking a local reference) of the foundation of a club, the San Francisco BBC, appeared in the Spirit of the Times on 3/27/1858. Images exist of a "Boston BBC of San Francisco" organized in 1857, but no further references are known. in 1857, but no further references are known. )
1862.10 + (See 1860.38. Either the 1860 game in Allegheny was unknown, or not considered to have been played under National Association rules.)
1860.89 + (Smoking is hazardous to your success in base ball.)
1830s.34 + (Some portions of this image were indistinct, and some areas were clipped off.)
1849.3 + (Some scholars have expressed doubt about the authenticity of this diary entry, which differs from an earlier type-script version.)
1831.1 + (The "firsts" tentatively listed above are for the US play of baserunning games other than cricket. Further analysis is needed to confirm or disconfirm its elements. )
-700c.1 + (The date of the Odyssey … The date of the Odyssey, given here as circa 700 BCE, is not even generally agreed to by scholars. Don't take it literally; it is presented only because formatted chronology listings need to place an entry somewhere, or otherwise omit them entirely ry somewhere, or otherwise omit them entirely )
1850s.58 + (The dates that these games were originally seen are not reported. We have assigned them to "the 1850s," but they may have been played before that.)
1849.13 + (The legend is that Cartwright pla … The legend is that Cartwright played his way west. Nucciarone, page 30: "[W]hile it's easy to imagine Cartwright playing baseball when he could and spreading the new game across the country as he went, it's much more difficult to prove he did this. The evidence is scant and inconsistent."is. The evidence is scant and inconsistent.")
1850s.57 + (The period when this old fashione … The period when this old fashioned game -- and the others described in A Manly Pastime was actually played in the celebrated past is not known. We have listed "1850s" here for the dates of play merely in order to secure a place for the facts in our chronology.ecure a place for the facts in our chronology.)
1656.1 + (The reference to cricket resulted from the translation of the Dutch word "balslaen" into "cricket." Others have apparently translated it as "tennis."Further, "ball-playing" is a translation from "kaetsen.")
1853.19 + (The rules for this match are not known. Protoball suggests that this game was played by early Mass Game rules, based on the use of the best-of-five format, but this is mere speculation. )
1850s.43 + (The text does not state the exact period that is described in this account.)
1750s.3 + (The writer present no evidence as to the earliest dates of known play.)
1860.46 + (The New York Sunday Mer … The New York Sunday Mercury of June 3, 1860, carries the box score of a "NEW YORK vs. CANADA' game in Schenectady, NY, between the Mohawk Club and the "Union Club of Upper Canada". The box indicates that the game was played by the New York Rules. However, the political unit called Upper Canada went out of existence in 1841. A youthful nineteenth century prank? See also "Supplemental Information," below, for further commentary. below, for further commentary. )
1867.4 + (There are many issues with any individual claim to invention of the curve ball.)
1833.10 + (There is no such county as Nathanial County, PA. Nor was I able to find the named individuals in the 1830 census. [ba])
1830s.16 + (There is some ambiguity about the city intended in this recollection. Springfield IL and New Salem IL seem mostly likely locations.)
1862.104 + (This coincidence is not taken as evidence that Abner Doubleday "invented" base ball.)
1851.4 + (This entry appears to be in error … This entry appears to be in error caused by a mistake in binding local newspapers, and the cited Telegraph article may have appears as late as 1880.From a 5/24/2013 email to Protoball from Bruce Allardice: I've found proof that the 1939 WPA report on an 1851 game between Lockport and Joliet is incorrect. Below is what I've added to the Lockport entry in protoball: "The book "19th Century Baseball in Chicago" (Rucker and Fryer) p. 13 asserts that the Lockport Telegraph of Aug. 6, 1851 reported on a game between the Hunkidoris of Joliet and the Sleepers of Lockport. The book credits a 1939 WPA report on early Chicago area baseball for this.The authors are correct in what the 1939 report said. However, the 1939 report was incorrect. I talked to the librarian at the Lockport Public Library who told me that the 8-6-51 issue of the Telegraph was mistakenly bound with a newspaper from many years later, and that the Hunkidoris game article is from a newspaper 30 years later."I also looked at a microfilm copy of the 8-6-51 issue of the Lockport newspaper, and found no mention of baseball.Too bad, If it had been true, it would have been the first verified baseball game outside the New York area.The librarian (now retired, and volunteering at the Will County Historical Society) is familiar with the issue, but can't remember what newspaper or date the Hunkidori game was mentioned in. y Historical Society) is familiar with the issue, but can't remember what newspaper or date the Hunkidori game was mentioned in. )
1750s.2 + (This is a very early claim for to … This is a very early claim for town ball, preceding even New England references to bat-and-ball, roundball or like games. It would be useful to examine C. Davidson's sources on town ball and cat. Are we content that these games were found in NC in the 1750s?hese games were found in NC in the 1750s?)
1840c.17 + (This is more likely a game 1855-60, played at the Ridgeville schools near Cincinnati.)
1850s.59 + (This item is assigned a dating of "1850s," but we lack data on when the club first played, and conceivably it reflected rules in place locally before that.)
1825.16 + (This item was originally dated 1828, and adjusted to 1825 in 2020. For some details, see Supplemental Text below.)
1835.19 + (This reference can be taken as an indication that "base" was played years before 1835, possibly in the New York area, but the date it was played, and the location of play, is impossible to discern from this account.)

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