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1860.89 + (Smoking is hazardous to your success in base ball.)

1830s.34 + (Some portions of this image were indistinct, and some areas were clipped off.)
1849.3 + (Some scholars have expressed doubt about the authenticity of this diary entry, which differs from an earlier type-script version.)
1831.1 + (The "firsts" tentatively listed above are for the US play of baserunning games other than cricket. Further analysis is needed to confirm or disconfirm its elements. )
-700c.1 + (The date of the Odyssey … The date of the Odyssey, given here as circa 700 BCE, is not even generally agreed to by scholars. Don't take it literally; it is presented only because formatted chronology listings need to place an entry somewhere, or otherwise omit them entirely ry somewhere, or otherwise omit them entirely )
1850s.58 + (The dates that these games were originally seen are not reported. We have assigned them to "the 1850s," but they may have been played before that.)
1849.13 + (The legend is that Cartwright pla … The legend is that Cartwright played his way west. Nucciarone, page 30: "[W]hile it's easy to imagine Cartwright playing baseball when he could and spreading the new game across the country as he went, it's much more difficult to prove he did this. The evidence is scant and inconsistent."is. The evidence is scant and inconsistent.")
1850s.57 + (The period when this old fashione … The period when this old fashioned game -- and the others described in A Manly Pastime was actually played in the celebrated past is not known. We have listed "1850s" here for the dates of play merely in order to secure a place for the facts in our chronology.ecure a place for the facts in our chronology.)
1656.1 + (The reference to cricket resulted from the translation of the Dutch word "balslaen" into "cricket." Others have apparently translated it as "tennis."Further, "ball-playing" is a translation from "kaetsen.")
1853.19 + (The rules for this match are not known. Protoball suggests that this game was played by early Mass Game rules, based on the use of the best-of-five format, but this is mere speculation. )
1850s.43 + (The text does not state the exact period that is described in this account.)
1750s.3 + (The writer present no evidence as to the earliest dates of known play.)
1860.46 + (The New York Sunday Mer … The New York Sunday Mercury of June 3, 1860, carries the box score of a "NEW YORK vs. CANADA' game in Schenectady, NY, between the Mohawk Club and the "Union Club of Upper Canada". The box indicates that the game was played by the New York Rules. However, the political unit called Upper Canada went out of existence in 1841. A youthful nineteenth century prank? See also "Supplemental Information," below, for further commentary. below, for further commentary. )
1867.4 + (There are many issues with any individual claim to invention of the curve ball.)
1833.10 + (There is no such county as Nathanial County, PA. Nor was I able to find the named individuals in the 1830 census. [ba])
1830s.16 + (There is some ambiguity about the city intended in this recollection. Springfield IL and New Salem IL seem mostly likely locations.)
1862.104 + (This coincidence is not taken as evidence that Abner Doubleday "invented" base ball.)
1851.4 + (This entry appears to be in error … This entry appears to be in error caused by a mistake in binding local newspapers, and the cited Telegraph article may have appears as late as 1880.From a 5/24/2013 email to Protoball from Bruce Allardice: I've found proof that the 1939 WPA report on an 1851 game between Lockport and Joliet is incorrect. Below is what I've added to the Lockport entry in protoball: "The book "19th Century Baseball in Chicago" (Rucker and Fryer) p. 13 asserts that the Lockport Telegraph of Aug. 6, 1851 reported on a game between the Hunkidoris of Joliet and the Sleepers of Lockport. The book credits a 1939 WPA report on early Chicago area baseball for this.The authors are correct in what the 1939 report said. However, the 1939 report was incorrect. I talked to the librarian at the Lockport Public Library who told me that the 8-6-51 issue of the Telegraph was mistakenly bound with a newspaper from many years later, and that the Hunkidoris game article is from a newspaper 30 years later."I also looked at a microfilm copy of the 8-6-51 issue of the Lockport newspaper, and found no mention of baseball.Too bad, If it had been true, it would have been the first verified baseball game outside the New York area.The librarian (now retired, and volunteering at the Will County Historical Society) is familiar with the issue, but can't remember what newspaper or date the Hunkidori game was mentioned in. y Historical Society) is familiar with the issue, but can't remember what newspaper or date the Hunkidori game was mentioned in. )
1750s.2 + (This is a very early claim for to … This is a very early claim for town ball, preceding even New England references to bat-and-ball, roundball or like games. It would be useful to examine C. Davidson's sources on town ball and cat. Are we content that these games were found in NC in the 1750s?hese games were found in NC in the 1750s?)
1840c.17 + (This is more likely a game 1855-60, played at the Ridgeville schools near Cincinnati.)
1850s.59 + (This item is assigned a dating of "1850s," but we lack data on when the club first played, and conceivably it reflected rules in place locally before that.)
1825.16 + (This item was originally dated 1828, and adjusted to 1825 in 2020. For some details, see Supplemental Text below.)
1835.19 + (This reference can be taken as an indication that "base" was played years before 1835, possibly in the New York area, but the date it was played, and the location of play, is impossible to discern from this account.)
1852.1 + (This story has been seriously que … This story has been seriously questioned by recent scholarship, which has found nothing in Cartwright's own papers, or his family's, that confirm it. The two claims -- that Cartwright laid out a ballfield and that he taught base ball widely -- are thus not found in Monica Nucciarone's thorough Alexander Cartwright: The Life Behind the Baseball Legend (U of Nebraska Press, 2009).lt;/span> (U of Nebraska Press, 2009).)
1862.6 + (This was not Harvard's introduction to the New York game. See entry [[1858.51]].)
BC3000c.1 + (Today's reader will want to determine how modern demography sees the advent of blond-haired Berbers and the evidence on the preservation of games and cultural rituals over scores of human generations. )
1862.2 + (Tom Gilbert, 3/5/2021-- "Creighto … Tom Gilbert, 3/5/2021-- "Creighton’s hernia did not “rupture”— it led to a strangulated intestine which became infected; the infection killed him. We know this because both Brooklyn Health Dept records and Green-Wood Cemetery records state the cause of death as “strangulated intestine.”estine.”)
1630.4 + (We are uncertain whether the game was a running game or a field-hockey=-type game also called "stoball." )
1830c.30 + (We have assigned this to a date o … We have assigned this to a date of ca. 1830 on the basis that players in their sixties seem to have played this (same) game as young adults. Comments welcome on this assumption. Were the southern shores of Lake Erie settled by Europeans at that date?settled by Europeans at that date?)
1850s.55 + (We have dated this entry as reflecting 1850s play of round ball. This dating is highly uncertain. One of the named participants (John Puffer), is identified by Joanne Hulbert as a participant in Holliston MA ballplaying in the 1850s.)
BC700c.1 + (We have incomplete assurance that … We have incomplete assurance that Isaiah actually referred to a ball, or even to the act of throwing.A compilation of 15 English translations [accessed at <a href="http://bible.cc/isaiah/22-18.htm%20on%2012/29/10">http://bible.cc/isaiah/22-18.htm on 12/29/10</a>] shows that most of them summon the image of an angry God hurling the miscreant, like a ball, far far away. (One exception, however, cites the winding of a turban, not a ball.) A literal translation is unrevealing: "And thy coverer covering, wrapping round, Wrappeth thee round, O babbler, On a land broad of sides—there thou diest."nd, O babbler, On a land broad of sides—there thou diest.")
1850s.15 + (We have not inspected the data on play at the Gunnery School to determine if New York rules were used.)
1848.5 + (While the preface to this book st … While the preface to this book stresses that it is designed to be limited to "sports which prevail in our country," it includes sections on stoolball and rounders, neither known to have been played very widely here. Can we rule out the possibility that this book reflects English play, and was written for an English readership? If so, why is cricket not included? Because cricket is for older players? is for older players? )
1824c.3 + (While this chron entry is dated circa 1824, the installation of sections of Our Village may have begun in 1826.)
1857.14 + (Wittke took liberties with, or misunderstood, his source. The remark quoted in Porter's referred to the morning practice hours of the clubs, not to games.)
1857.9 + ([B] Adelman regarded Sp … [B] Adelman regarded Spirit's claim as "premature" because New York Rules baseball had not spread beyond the immediate area in 1857, but a more likely perspective is that such claims for baseball at this time stemmed from its presence nationwide in various forms since the colonial era.nationwide in various forms since the colonial era.)
1849.1 + (but see #1838c.8 above - LM)
1830s.38 + (Dating this remembered practice to the 1830s is somewhat arbitrary, as the writer's age in 1847 is unknown. Locating the practice in NY State is also uncertain. )

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