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A
<p><span>Monica Nucciarone, </span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Alexander Cartwright</span><span> (UNebraska Press, 2009), page 201.</span><span>  </span><span>The author cites the source as W. R. Castle, </span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Reminiscences of William Richards Castle.</span><span> (Advertiser Publishing, 1960), page 50.</span></p> <p><span> </span></p> <p><span>See also Item [[1855c.10]], <span>"New Game" of Wicket Played in HI."</span></span></p>  +
<p><span>Reportedly in the </span><em>Philadelphia</em><em> Mercury</em><span>.</span><span>  </span><span>An account of the article </span><span> </span><span>appeared in the </span><em>Penny Illustrated Paper</em><span> (</span>London<span>), December 17, 1870 (page 370).</span><span>  </span><span>Contributed by Tom Shieber, email of 2/25/2009.</span></p> <p><span>This game is cited -- ("this contrived game proved to be acceptable to no one and was quickly forgotten") in Tom Melville, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">The Tented Field: A History of Cricket in America</span> (Bowling Green State University Press, 1998), page 149.  Melville attributes the introduction of the game to game to J. Wood, secretary of the Chicago Cricket Club. </span></p> <p><span>Protoball does not have a <em>Philadelphia </em><em>Mercury</em> source for this report. </span></p> <p><span> </span></p>  +
B
<p><span>See Protoball Chronology entries [[1805.4]] and [[1805.5]].</span><span>  </span><span>The game was reported in the </span><em>New York Evening Post </em><span>of April 13, 1805.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Emily W. Elmore, </span><em>A Practical Handbook of Games</em><span>, (Macmillan, NY, 1922), pages 16-17.</span></p>  +
<p><span>E. Perrin, et. Al., </span><em>One Hundred and Fifty Gymnastic Games</em><span> (G. H. Ellis, Boston, 1902), pages 58-59.</span></p>  +
<p><span>David Block, email of 5/17/2005.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Dick, ed., </span><em>The American Boys Book of Sports and Games: A Practical Guide to Indoor and Outdoor Amusements</em><span> </span>(Dick and Fitzgerald [reprinted by Lyons Press, 2000], 1864)<span>., pages 112-113. Elliott, <em>The Playground and the Parlour</em> (1868), p. 57.</span></p>  +
<p><span>W. Chapman, </span><em>Every-Day French Talk</em><span> (J. B. Bateman, London, 1855), page 20.</span></p> <p><span><span>P. Maigaard, “Battingball Games,” reprinted in Block, </span><em>Baseball Before We Knew It,</em><span> Appendix 6.</span><span>  </span><span>See page 263.</span></span></p>  +
<p><span>Paul G. Brewster, "Games and Sports in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century British Literature," </span><em>Western Folklore</em><span> 6, no. 2 </span>(1947)<span>., page 143.</span></p> <p><span>Hone, "The Sports and Pastimes of the People of England..." (1831) p. 96</span></p>  +
<p><span>Alice Bertha Gomme, </span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Traditional Games of England, Scotland, and Ireland</span><em>, </em>Volume 1 (London: David Nutt, 1894)<span>., page 17.</span></p>  +
<p><span>D. C. Beard, </span><em>The American Boy’s Book of Sport</em><strong> </strong><span>(Scribner’s Sons, New York, 1896), pages 341-342.</span></p> <p><span>See also Altherr, "Barn Ball," <em>Base Ball</em> (Spring 2011).</span></p>  +
<p>Thomas Altherr, "Base Is Not Always Baseball: Prisoner's Base From the 13th to the 20th Centuries." <span style="text-decoration-line: underline;">Base Ball,</span> Volune 3, number 1 (Spring 2009), pp 67-79.</p> <p>See also 19cBB posting, October 17, 2007; Our Game log, July 16, 2022</p>  +
<p><span>Emily W. Elmore, </span><em>A Practical Handbook of Games</em><span>, (Macmillan, NY, 1922), pages 19-20.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Gomme, <em>Traditional Games of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Volume 1</em>.2, page 146.</span></p>  +
<p><span>See Protoball Chronology entry [[1786.1]].</span><span>  </span><span>A second entry, [[1848c.9]], includes baste ball in a list of boyhood games played by future US President Benjamin Harrison. A third entry, [[1874.2]], reports its use as a game played in Chattanooga TN.</span></p> <p><span>Email to Protoball from David Block, 2/19/2017.</span></p>  +
<p><span>See Protoball Chronology entries for 1791.</span></p> <p><span>D Wise and S. Forrest, </span><em>Great Big Book of Children’s Games</em><span> (McGraw-Hill, 2003), pages 219-220.</span></p> <p><span>See http://www.askaboutsports.com/boball.htm</span></p>  +
<p><span>F. Dennis, </span><em>The Norfolk Village Green</em><span> (privately printed, 1917), page 72.</span></p>  +
<p><span>The National Beep Baseball Association: see </span><a href="http://www.nbba.org/">http://www.nbba.org/</a><span>, accessed 11/9/2009.</span></p> <p><span>For a story about beep-ball at Harvard, see </span><a href="http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2013/10/the-beep-ball-player/">http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2013/10/the-beep-ball-player/</a></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>  +
<p><span>Amy Stewart Fraser, </span><em>Dae Ye Min’ Langsyne?</em><span> (Routledge, 1975), pages 59-60.</span></p>  +
<p><span>On the Domesday Book s-See Protoball Chronology #[[1086.1]]</span></p> <p><span>[A.] Gomme, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Traditional Games of England, </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Scotland, and Ireland</span><span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">,</span> Volume 1 (Dover Press,  New York, 1964 -- orig. 1898), page 34.</span></p> <p><span>[B] Lusted, Andrew, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Girls Just Wanted to Have Fun</span>, 2013, page 3, citing Rev'd W. D. Parish,<span style="text-decoration: underline;"> Dictionary of the Sussex Dialect</span>, 1875.<br/></span></p> <p><span>[C] Lusted, op. cit., page 28.  The source is the <em>Sussex Advertiser, June 21, 1864.</em><br/></span></p> <p><span>[D] David Block, email of 12/6/2021.</span></p>  +
<p><span>P. Maigaard, “Battingball Games,” reprinted in Block, </span><em>Baseball Before We Knew It,</em><span> Appendix 6.</span><span>  </span><span>See page 274.</span></p>  +
<p><span>E. Perrin, et. Al., </span><em>One Hundred and Fifty Gymnastic Games</em><span> (G. H. Ellis, Boston, 1902), pages 59-63.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Simon J. Bronner, "Concrete Folklore: Sidewalk Box Games," </span><em>Western Folklore</em><span> 36, no. 2 </span>(1977)<span>., page 172.</span></p> <p><span>[B] Communication from Neal Seldman and Mark Schoenberg.</span></p> <p><span> </span></p>  +
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brannboll">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brannboll</a><span>.</span><span>  </span><span>See also </span><a href="http://www.brennball.de/english/davidcurle.htm">http://www.brennball.de/english/davidcurle.htm</a><span>.</span><span>  </span><span>[Accessed 10/09/09.]</span></p>  +
<p><span>Paul G. Brewster, </span><em>American Nonsinging Games </em>(U Oklahoma Press, Norman OK, 1953)<span>, page 82-83.</span></p>  +
<p><span>C. Bevis, “A Game of Bunt,” in G. Land, </span><em>Growing Up with Baseball</em><span> (UNebraska, 2004), pages 128-130.</span></p> <p><span><span>T. Aamodt, “The Impossible Dream,” in G. Land, </span><em>Growing Up with Baseball</em><span> (UNebraska, 2004), pages 61-62.</span></span></p>  +
<p><span>Gomme, </span><em>Traditional Games of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Volume 1</em><span>., page 53.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Marty Appel, </span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Slide Kelly Slide</span><span> </span>(Scarecrow Press, 1999)<span>, page 9.</span></p>  +
C
<p><span>William Wells Newell, </span><em>Games and Songs of American Children</em><span> </span>(New York: Dover [1963 reprint], 1883)<span>., page 181.</span></p>  +
<p><span>J. Jamieson, </span><em>Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language</em><span> (</span>Edinburgh<span>, 1825), page 187.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Stewart Culin, "Street Games of Boys in </span>Brooklyn, N.Y.<span>," </span><em>Journal of American Folklore</em><span> 4, no. 14 </span>(1891)<span>. page 233.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Brand, </span><em>Observations on the Popular Antiquities of Great Britain: The Origins of Our Vulgar and Provincial Customs, Ceremonies and Superstitions</em><span>., page 408.</span></p> <p><span><span>J. Jamieson, </span><em>Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language</em><span> (</span>Edinburgh<span>, 1825), page 192. Jamiesson describes the game</span><span>  </span><span>as being played in </span>County Fife<span> and perhaps elsewhere.</span></span></p> <p>Alice Bertha Gomme, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">The Traditional Games of England, Scotland, and Ireland</span> (London, D. Nutt, 1894), pages 63-64.</p> <p><span><span> </span></span></p>  +
<p><span>John Burnett, </span><em>Riot, Revelry and Rout: Sport in Lowland Scotland before 1860</em><span> </span>(East Linton, Scotland: Tuckwell Press, 2000)<span>., page 208.</span></p>  +
<p>John Pastier, email of February 12, 2009.</p>  +
<p><em>Boys’ Own Book: A Complete Encyclopedia of Athletic, Scientific, Outdoor and Indoor Sports<span style="text-decoration: underline;"> </span></em><span>(James Miller, Pub’r, New York, 1881), page 14.</span></p>  +
<p><span>P. Maigaard, “Battingball Games,” reprinted in Block, </span><em>Baseball Before We Knew It,</em><span> Appendix 6.</span><span>  </span><span>See page 263.</span></p>  +
<p><span>See also Frederic Gomes Cassidy and Joan Houston Hall, </span><em>Dictionary of American Regional English</em><span> (Harvard University Press, 1996), page 604.</span><span>  </span><span>The dictionary notes usage as “esp. VA” and gives four attested citations from 1889 to 1911, one of them a recollection from 1840, and another a 1911 dictionary associating the game with “the </span>Southern United States<span>.”</span></p> <p><span>The Richmond <em>Whig</em>, Aug. 21, 1866 speaks of southerners 20 years prior playing bandy and chermany. The Richmond <em>Dispatch</em>, July 20, 1890 says kids played chermany 40 years ago (i.e., 1850). See also Altherr, "Southern Ball Games--Chermany, Round Cat, Etc." <em>Base Ball</em> (Spring 2011).</span></p>  +
<p><span>Joseph Strutt, </span><em>The Sports and Pastimes of the People of England</em><span> </span>(1801)<span>, pages 104-105.</span></p> <p><span>Hone, "The Sports and Pastimes of the People of England..." (1831) p. 105</span></p>  +
<p><span>A. Morrison, “Uist Games,” </span><em>The Celtic Review</em><span>, Volume 4 (1907/1908), pages 361- 363.</span></p>  +
<p><span>G. T. Lowth, </span><em>The Wanderer in Arabia; or, Western Footsteps in Eastern Tracks</em><span> (Hurst and Blackett, London, 1855), page 109.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Special thanks to Jeff Kittel, emails of 10/11/09 and 9/22/13, for material on this game.</span><span>  A website on corkball is found at <a href="http://www.playcorkball.com,">http://www.playcorkball.com,</a> as accessed 9/25/13. It includes a 2012 paper on the history and context of the game.    Its author, Jeff Kopp, sent us many further details (outlined above) in a 10/16/2013 email.  </span></p> <p><span>See also </span><a href="http://www.angelfire.com/sports/corkball/STLhistory.html">http:///www.angelfire.com/sports/corkball/STLhistory.htm</a><span>. Accessed 10/8/09.  This article includes a description of corkball rules and a corkball chronology that shows the addition of balls and strikes in 1941 and of extra-base hits in 1965.</span></p>  +
<p><span>See <a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/cricket/4883752/Strewth-Cricket-is-a-foreign-import-according-to-new-Australian-research.html">http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/cricket/4883752/Strewth-Cricket-is-a-foreign-import-according-to-new-Australian-research.html</a> accessed 10/10/09.</span><span>  </span><span>Special thanks to Beth Hise, emails of September 2009, for leads on this game.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Gomme, </span><em>Traditional Games of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Volume 1</em><span>, page 83.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Gomme, </span><em>Traditional Games of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Volume 1</em><span>, pages 84-85.</span></p>  +
<p><a href="http://www.myrecollection.com/christianog/games.html">http://www.myrecollection.com/christianog/games.html</a></p>  +
D
<p>Paul Dickson, The Worth Book of Softball (Facts on File, 1994), pages 57 and 58. </p>  +
<p><em>Ball Games</em><span>,</span><span>  </span>(London: George Routledge and Sons, 1860)<span>., page 41.</span></p>  +
<p><span>[1] <span style="text-decoration: underline;">The Boy's Book of Sports; a Description of the Exercises and Pastimes of Youth</span> (New Haven, S. Babcock, 1835), 24 pages. Summarized in David Block, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Baseball before We Knew It</span> (University of Nebraska Press, 2005), page 198.  <span> See also Babcock's <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Juvenile Pastimes; or Girls' and Boys' Book of Sports</span><span> (New Haven, S. Babcock), 16 pages, per David Block,</span><span> page 212.</span></span></span></p> <p>[2] F. B. Sanborn, <em>New Hampshire Biography and Autobiography</em> (Private Printing, Concord NH, 1905), page 13.</p>  +
<p><span>Amy Stewart Fraser, </span><em>Dae Ye Min’ Langsyne?: A Pot-pourri of Games, Rhymes, and Ploys of Scottish Childhood</em><span> (Routledge, 1975),</span><span>  </span><span>page 59.</span></p>  +
<p><em>Daily Cleveland Herald</em><span>, April 24, 1867, as posted to the 19CBB listserve by Kyle DeCicco-Carey on 8/19/2008.</span></p>  +
E
<p><em>Daily Cleveland Herald</em><span>, April 24, 1867, as posted to the 19CBB listserve by Kyle DeCicco-Carey on 8/19/2008. p. 42</span></p>  +
<p><span>F. M. Gilbert, </span><em>History of the City of Evansville</em><span> (Pioneer Publishing, 1910), page 106-108.</span></p>  +
F
<p><em>The Boy's Own Book</em><span>, </span>(London: D. Bogue, 1852)<span>, page 29. See also Elliott, <em>The Playground and the Parlour</em> (1868), p. 53.</span></p>  +
<p><span>G. Land, </span><em>Growing Up with Baseball</em><span> (UNebraska, 2004), pages 61 and 174.</span></p>  +
<p><a href="http://www.myrecollection.com/christianog/games.html"><span>http://www.myrecollection.com/christianog/games.html</span></a></p> <p><span>See also G. Land, </span><em>Growing Up with Baseball</em><span> (UNebraska, 2004).</span></p>  +
<p><span>Culin, S. (1891). "Street Games of Boys in Brooklyn." <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Journal of American Folklore</span>, volume 4, page 232; Our Game log, July 16, 2022</span></p> <p><span><span>Henry Chadwick, </span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Sports and Pastimes for American Boys</span><span> </span>(Routledge, New York, 1884)<span>, page 18.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>F. G. Cassidy et al., </span><em>Dictionary of American Regional English</em><span> (Harvard University Press, 1996), page 245.</span></span></p>  +
G
<p><span>R. Bowen, </span><em>Cricket: A History of its Growth and Development Throughout the World </em>(Eyre and Spottiswoode, London, 1970), page 36<em>.  </em>Bowen does not give dates or sources for the Dutch/Danish accounts.</p>  +
<p><span>E. Perrin, et al., </span><em>One </em><span>Hundred</span><em> and Fifty Gymnastic Games</em><span> (G. H. Ellis, Boston, 1902), pages 22-23.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Roland Naul, “Applied Sport History,” </span><em>Proceedings of the Sixth Congress of the International Society for the History of Physical Education and Sport</em><span> (Plantin-Print, Budapest, 2002), pages 432ff.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Lydia<span> </span>Clark<span>, </span><em>Physical Training for the Elementary Schools</em><span> (B. H. Sanborn, Chicago, 1921), pages 240-243.</span></span></p> <p><span>Emily Elmore and M. O’Shea, </span><em>A Practical Handbook of Games</em><span> </span>(Macmillan, New York, 1922)<span>, pages 36-39.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Jane Leavy [Koufax bio, page ref needed].</span></p>  +
<p><span>John Harland, ed., </span><em>A Volume of Court Leet Records of the Manor of Manchester in the Sixteenth Century</em><span> (Chetham Society, 1884), page 156.</span></p>  +
<p><em>Jugndspiele zur Ehhjolung und Erheiterung</em><span> </span>(W. Simmerfled, Tilsit Germany, 1845).  Also. email from Bill Hicklin, 1/24/2016. </p>  +
<p>The best known references to Goal Ball are Robin Carver, <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">The Book of Sports</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> (Boston, Lilly Wait Colman and Holden, 1834), pp 37-40, -- see Protoball entry [[1834.1]] --  and <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Boy’s and Girl’s Book of Sports</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> (Providence, Cory and Daniels), pp 17-19 -- see Protoball Chronology entries [[1835.6]] and [[1854.23]].</span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></span></p>  +
<p><span>Paul R. Wieand, </span><em>Outdoor Games of the Pennsylvania Germans</em><span> </span>(Plymouth Meeting, PA: Mrs. C. N. Keyser, 1950)<span>., page 9.</span></p>  +
H
<p><span>Hugh M. Thomason, “A Depression-Days Schoolyard Game,” </span><em>Western Folklore, </em><span>Vol. 34, Issue 1, January 1975, pages 58-59.</span></p> <p><span>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Half-rubber.</span></p> <p><em>Philadelphia version: </em></p> <p><span>Brian Howard, “Wild in the Streets,” <em>City Paper June 5, 1997, <a href="http://archives.citypaper.net/articles/060597/article077.shtml">http://archives.citypaper.net/articles/060597/article077.shtml</a>.</em><br/></span></p>  +
<p><span>Teresa McLean, </span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">The English at Play in the Middle Ages</span><span> </span>(Kensal Press, 1985)<span>, page 80.  In <em>The Royal Dictionary</em> by A. Boyer (London, 1764), Hand In Hand Out is defined as "the Name of an unlawful Game," and translated into French as "forte de jeu defendu."<br/></span></p>  +
<p><span>Newell, </span><em>Games and Songs of American Children</em><span>. page 183.</span></p> <p><span><span>Paul G. Brewster, </span><em>American Nonsinging Games</em><span> </span>(University of Oklahoma Press, 1953)<span>, page 85.</span></span></p>  +
<p><span>Culin, "Street Games of Boys in </span>Brooklyn, N.Y.<span>", page 231.</span></p>  +
<p><span>The </span><em>Alabama Reporter</em><span>, as reprinted in </span><em>Spirit of the Times</em><span> </span>(January 16, 1847)<span>, page 559.</span><span>  </span><span>Provided by David Block, 2/28/2008.</span></p>  +
<p><span>David Cram, et al., editors, </span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Francis Willughby’s Book of Games (Ashgate, 2003), page 182.</span></p>  +
<p><span>J. Jamieson, </span><em>Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language</em><span> (</span>Edinburgh<span>, 1825), page 592-593.</span></p>  +
<p><span> R. C. MacLagan, "Additions to 'the Games of Argyleshire'," </span><em>Folklore</em><span> 16, no. 1 </span>(1905)<span>, page 83.</span><span>  </span><span>A similar description appears in </span><em>Folk Lore; A Quarterly Review of Myth, Tradition, Institution, and Custom</em><span> (David Nutt, London, 1905), page 83.</span></p>  +
<p><a href="http://howlandrounders.com/">http://howlandrounders.com</a><span>. Unique among sports organizations, perhaps the Board for this game features a chair and two CEOs.</span></p>  +
I
<p><span>Brewster, </span><em>American Nonsinging Games</em> (U of Oklahoma Press, 1953) page 80. https://www.chrisoleary.com/projects/Indian-Ball-Game/index.html</p>  +
<p><span>See Paul Dickson, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">The Worth Book of Softball</span> (Facts on File, 1994), Chapter 3 (pages 46-59).  Also, <span>John Allen Krout, </span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Annals of American Sport</span>(Yale University Press, 1929)<span>, page 219. </span></span></p> <p><span><span>The above quotation is found in Peter Morris, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">A Game of Inches</span> (Ivan Dee, 2010 single-bvolume edition, page 498. </span></span></p>  +
<p><span>F. G. Cassidy et al., </span><em>Dictionary of American Regional English</em><span> (Harvard University Press, 1996), pages 47-48.</span></p>  +
<p><span>“Irish Rounders,” email from Peadar O Tuatain to L. McCray, January 30 2002.</span></p> <p><span>Also note Howard Burman's 2013 report at http://protoball.org/Irish_Rounders_(Burman%27s_Report)  </span></p>  +
J
<p><span>G. T. Lowth, </span><em>The Wanderer in Arabia; or, Western Footsteps in Eastern Tracks</em><span> (Hurst and Blackett, London, 1855), pages 108-110.</span></p>  +
K
<p><span>Brewster, </span><em>American Nonsinging Games</em><span>.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Brewster, </span><em>American Nonsinging Games</em><span>.</span></p>  +
<p><em>Prospective Missions in Abyssinia</em><span> (Massachusetts Sabbath School Society, Boston, 1834), page 74.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Gomme, </span><em>Traditional Games of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Volume 1</em><span>., page 298.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Culin, "Street Games of Boys in </span>Brooklyn, N.Y.<span>", pages 230-231.</span></p> <p><span><span>G. E. Johnson, </span><em>What to Do at Recess</em><span> (Ginn, Boston, 1910), page 32.</span></span></p>  +
<p><span>G. E. Johnson, </span><em>What to Do at Recess</em><span> (Ginn, Boston, 1910), page 230.</span></p>  +
<p>G. E. Johnson, <em>What to Do at Recess</em> (Ginn, Boston, 1910), page 230.</p>  +
<p><a href="http://www.kickball.com/">http://www.kickball.com/</a><span>, accessed 10/09/09.</span></p>  +
<p><span>MacLagan, "Additions to 'the Games of Argyleshire'.", page 80.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Brand, </span><em>Observations on the Popular Antiquities of Great Britain: The Origins of Our Vulgar and Provincial Customs, Ceremonies and Superstitions (London: George Bell and Sons, 1900)</em><span>, pages 423-424.</span></p>  +
<p>See Paul Dickson, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">The Worth Book of Softball</span> (Facts on File, 1994), page 52-53.</p>  +
<p>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6KSqgkJxnY, accessed 4/4/2022.</p>  +
<p><span>F. G. Cassidy et al., </span><em>Dictionary of American Regional English</em><span> (Harvard University Press, 1996), page 245.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Walter Endrei and Laszlo Zolnay, </span><em>Fun and Games in Old Europe</em><span> </span>(Budapest: Corvina Klado, 1986)<span>.</span></p>  +
L
<p><span>Geo. Clulow, in </span><em>Notes and Queries: A Medium of Intercommunication for Literary Men, General Readers, Etc. </em><span>(J. Francis, London, 1895), Volume 7 -- January - June, pages 375-376.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Per Maigaard, “Battingball Games,” Genus 5 (1941).  Reprinted in Block, </span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Baseball Before We Knew It</span><em>,</em><span> Appendix 6.</span><span>  </span><span>See page 260ff in Block.</span></p>  +
<p><span><span><span><em>New York Times, </em>September 16, 1952, as cited in Paul Dickson,<em> The Dickson Dictionary </em>(Third Edition, Norton, 2009), page 485.</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>Bill Keller, "In Baseball, the Russians Steal All the Bases," </span><em>New York Times</em><span>, July 20 1987.</span></span></span></p> <p><span>Ira Berkow, "Russian Eye on Baseball," </span><em>New York Times</em><span>, August 14 1989.</span></p> <p><span><span>Carl Schreck, "</span>No Wrong Way<span> to Swing Bat," </span><em>The St. Petersburg Times</em><span>, October 31 2003.</span></span></p> <p> </p> <p> </p>  +
<p><span>F. G. Cassidy et al., </span><em>Dictionary of American Regional English</em><span> (Harvard University Press, 1996), page 365.</span></p>  +
<p><span>Per Maigaard, "Battingball Games," </span><em>Genus</em><span> 5 </span>(1941)<span>.  Reprinted as Appendix 6 in David Block, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Baseball Before We Knew It</span> (U. Nebraska, 2005), pages 260ff.</span></p> <p><span><span>Henry S. Curtis, </span><em>Play and Recreation for the Open Country</em><span> </span>(Ginn, 1914)<span>. pages 62-63.</span></span></p>  +
<p><span>F. G. Cassidy et al., </span><em>Dictionary of American Regional English</em><span> (Harvard University Press, 1996), page 415.</span></p> <p><span>The camp program is found at  <a href="http://www.bgbrigade.com/programs-8th.asp">http://www.bgbrigade.com/programs-8th.asp</a></span></p> <p> </p>  +
<p><span>F. G. Cassidy et al., </span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Dictionary of American Regional English</span><span> (Harvard University Press, 1996), page 62.</span></p> <p><span>Curtis, Henry S. <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Play and Recreation for the Open Country</span> (Ginn, 1914).</span></p>  +